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Shoulder Pain
The shoulder joint (glenohumeral joint) is a ball and socket joint. It has a large ball (humeral head) and a shallow socket (glenoid). This biomechanical setup allows for great mobility, but it also increases the risk of injuries like dislocations and subluxations.
- Shoulder dislocation / subluxation
- Rotator Cuff injury
- Shoulder instability
Shoulder dislocation/subluxation
Shoulder dislocations typically occur due to high-impact forces. However, in rare cases, they may happen spontaneously in individuals with naturally lax ligaments.
After a subluxation, symptoms often include pain, swelling, and a feeling of instability. A dislocated shoulder usually needs immediate medical reduction (relocation of the joint). After that, the joint may be immobilised in a brace or sling to support healing.
Importantly, rehabilitation with a sports physiotherapist is essential to prevent repeat injuries. In some situations, surgery might be necessary. Your physiotherapist and doctor will guide you based on your condition.
Rotator Cuff Injury
The shoulder relies on a group of muscles known as the rotator cuff. These muscles support and stabilise the ball-and-socket joint. Injuries like muscle strains or rotator cuff tears can result from trauma (e.g. during contact sports) or develop gradually over time.
You may experience pain and weakness while lifting or using your arm. Fortunately, physiotherapy helps reduce pain and offers a structured rehabilitation and strengthening program to support recovery.
Shoulder instability
Shoulder instability often affects people involved in overhead or loaded activities. Athletes in throwing sports, racket games, gymnastics, circus performance, or dance are especially at risk.
This condition may develop over time or follow a shoulder dislocation or subluxation. Common signs include pain, a sense of apprehension, or the shoulder feeling like it’s “popping out.”
Physiotherapy plays a key role here. Treatment includes soft tissue and joint mobilisation, taping, and specific exercises. These focus on correcting the shoulder blade position and building shoulder strength. Additionally, your physiotherapist can assess your technique and collaborate with your coach for long-term improvement.
Related Treatments
Related Practitioners
Sam Yeung (she/her)
Physiotherapist - Doctor of Physiotherapy - Macquarie University. Bachelor of Exercise Physiology - University of New South Wales
Elliot Meers (he/him)
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Corbin Dickfos (he/him)
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Rhea Torres (she/her)
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Annie Strauch (she/her)
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Elise McMahon (she/her)
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Polly Dhar (she/her)
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Dr Kathy Yu (she/her)
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Stacey Kipouridis (she/her)
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Catherine Etty-Leal (she/her)
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Performance Medicine
